Climate Change Technology Initiative:
$1.4 Billion for Efficient Energy and Clean Energy
The President's FY 2001 budget proposes over $1.4 billion for the research, development, and deployment of renewable energy technologies, energy efficient products and buildings that will help reduce U.S. greenhouse gas emissions. This represents a $337 million increase (30 percent) over FY 2000 spending (see Table 3). The President's proposed investment package covers the four major carbon-emitting sectors of the economy -- buildings, transportation, industry, and electricity -- as well as carbon sequestration (see Table 4). The following sections highlight selected programs in each of these areas of effort. The full agency programs extend well beyond what is described here.
Table 3. CCTI Funding by Agency ($ in Millions) | ||||
FY 1999
Enacted |
FY 2000 Enacted |
FY 2001 Request |
Change from 2000 |
|
Energy |
902
|
980
|
1,169
|
+189
|
EPA |
109
|
103
|
227
|
+124
|
Housing & Urban Development |
10
|
10
|
12
|
+2
|
Agriculture |
0
|
0
|
24
|
+24
|
Commerce |
0
|
2
|
0
|
-2
|
TOTAL* |
1,021
|
1,095
|
1,432
|
+337
|
*Totals may not add due to rounding. |
Table 4. CCTI Funding by Area of Activity ($ in Millions) | ||||
FY 1999
Enacted |
FY 2000 Enacted |
FY 2001 Request |
Change from 2000 |
|
Buildings |
176
|
194
|
275
|
+81
|
Transportation |
285
|
309
|
382
|
+73
|
Industry |
187
|
189
|
251
|
+62
|
Electricity |
310
|
321
|
406
|
+85
|
Carbon Sequestration |
14
|
30
|
52
|
+22
|
Management, Planning & Analysis |
48
|
51
|
65
|
+14
|
TOTAL* |
1,021
|
1,095
|
1,432
|
+337
|
*Totals may not add due to rounding. |
BUILDINGS
-- DOE will accelerate its program to establish energy efficiency standards for commercial heating and cooling, water heaters, and electrical distribution transformers, and will begin efforts to harmonize international energy-efficiency standards and test methods to promote exports of efficient U.S. products.
-- EPA and DOE's Energy Star Products program saves consumers money and reduces greenhouse gas emissions at the same time by promoting the use of energy efficient products everything from computers to refrigerators to central air-conditioning units. New funding will support the launch of new Energy Star product lines and will promote the Energy Star labeling program in 6-10 export markets.
TRANSPORTATION
-- By 2003, DOE aims to develop advanced diesel cycle engine technologies for pickup trucks, vans, and sport utility vehicles which achieve at least a 35 percent fuel efficiency improvement relative to current gasoline-fueled trucks while meeting strict emission standards.
-- By 2004, DOE, in coordination with EPA and the Department of Defense, aims to develop engine and vehicle technologies for heavy trucks that will increase the fuel economy to 10 mpg from the current average of 7 mpg.
INDUSTRY
--The Natural Resources Conservation Service will invest $3 million in projects to demonstrate and test various means of reducing greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture, such as compost-based waste-handling facilities, rotational grazing systems, and improved feed and forage systems.
--The Agricultural Research Service will devote $8.5 million towards climate change related activities, including the development of new technology and expertise for reducing agriculture's vulnerability to a changing climate. Field experiments will seek to measure various potential effects of climate change, such as varying amounts and patterns of rainfall on forage production.
The FY 2001 budget also includes important USDA funding for developing advanced biomass energy technologies; R&D and demonstration projects for carbon sequestration; research to study the role of farms, forests, and other natural or managed lands in capturing and storing carbon; and a comprehensive U.S. soil carbon inventory (see p.16 below).
ELECTRICITY
-- Million Solar Roofs. In June, 1997, the President announced an initiative to encourage the installation of one million solar systems by 2010, which would reduce carbon emissions equivalent to the annual emissions from 850,000 cars. To date, DOE has received commitments for over 900,000 solar rooftop installations. In FY 2001, DOE expects 40,000 systems to be installed under this program, bringing the total to 90,000.
-- Technology Advances. By 2004, DOE aims to increase the efficiency of thin-film PV modules in multi-megawatt production from 7 percent to 12 percent and to reduce module manufacturing costs by 40 percent (from $2.50/watt to $1.50/watt). Specific performance measures for FY 2001 include achieving 14 percent stable efficiency in prototype thin-film modules and, in a new initiative begun in FY 2000, identifying at least three promising non-conventional PV technologies for further development.
Hydrogen. DOE will accelerate research on low-cost hydrogen production and storage, prerequisites to the widespread use of hydrogen as a fuel.
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
-- Enhancing Forest and Farmland Sinks. The Forest Service, in conjunction with other USDA agencies, will spend $3 million for R&D and demonstration projects for optimizing forest, farmland, and rangeland carbon sinks. The focus of such projects will include storage of carbon in forest soils and increased durability and use of wood products to sequester carbon.
-- Enhancing natural geological and oceanic processes. DOE will support research into the feasibility of capturing and storing carbon dioxide in underground geological structures and in the deep ocean.
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